I write music using Finale Allegro. Say I wanted to sing over it to create a full track. How could I go about that?
Free Software can and does do it, fsf.org.
Look at the directory.
Ubuntu Studio does that and is pre-packaged for that.
If all you are looking to do is take multiple tracks and combine them into a single track, I'd suggest Audacity. I believe it will record a vocal track as well.
Frankly, I think Audacity can do everything except make me a sandwich.